1992-2001 Honda Prelude Timing Cover: A Guide to H22, H23, and F22 Engine Differences
This guide explains the critical differences between timing covers for the H-series and F-series engines in the 4th and 5th generation Honda Prelude, ensuring you buy the right part.
- You MUST identify your engine code (F22A1, H23A1, H22A1, or H22A4) before buying a cover; they are not interchangeable.
- DOHC engines (H22/H23) use a three-piece cover system (upper, lower, rear), while the SOHC F22 engine uses a two-piece system.
- Many OEM cover pieces are discontinued, making a good-condition used OEM part a smart choice over potentially ill-fitting aftermarket parts.
- Since replacement requires the same labor as a timing belt job, always replace the belt, water pump, and front engine seals at the same time.
Critical: Engine and Timing Cover Identification
Before purchasing a timing cover for a 1992-2001 Honda Prelude, you must identify your vehicle's engine. The timing covers are not interchangeable between the different engines used during this period. Using the wrong cover will result in improper fitment, leaving the timing belt exposed.
Warning: Do not buy a timing cover based on the year of the Prelude alone. You must verify the engine code, which is stamped on the front of the engine block where it meets the transmission.
Engine Variants in North American Preludes:
- F22A1 Engine (2.2L SOHC): Found in the 4th generation Prelude 'S' trim (1992-1996). This engine uses a two-piece timing cover (upper and lower).
- H23A1 Engine (2.3L DOHC): Found in the 4th generation Prelude 'Si' trim (1992-1996). This engine uses a three-piece timing cover assembly: an upper front cover, a lower front cover, and a rear or 'middle' cover that bolts to the block.
- H22A1 Engine (2.2L DOHC VTEC): Found in the 4th generation Prelude 'VTEC' trim (1993-1996). Like the H23A1, this uses a three-piece cover design.
- H22A4 Engine (2.2L DOHC VTEC): Found in all 5th generation Preludes ('Base' and 'Type SH') (1997-2001). This engine also uses a three-piece cover design.
Symptoms of a Failing Timing Cover
Failure is almost always related to the plastic becoming old and brittle, or a related seal failing. Physical impact can also cause damage.
- Visible Cracks: Over time, heat and vibration can cause the plastic to crack, especially around the bolt holes.
- Oil Leaks: While the plastic cover itself doesn't hold pressurized oil, failing camshaft or crankshaft seals located behind the cover will cause oil to leak. This oil can run down the inside of the cover and drip from the bottom, appearing as a leak from the timing cover area.
- Burning Oil Smell: Oil leaking from behind the cover can drip onto the hot exhaust manifold or downpipe, causing a distinct burning smell.
- Engine Noise or Rough Running: If a piece of the cover breaks off and falls into the timing belt path, or if the cover is missing and allows debris to enter, it can cause the engine to run rough or make unusual noises. This is a serious condition that requires immediate attention.
- Low Engine Oil Level: A persistent oil leak from the cam or crank seals will lead to a consistently low oil level, which can be an early sign of a problem in that area.
Buying a Used Timing Cover: What to Check
Since many new OEM timing cover components for these Preludes are discontinued, the used market is often the best source for replacements. A good used OEM part generally offers better fitment than a cheap aftermarket alternative.
- Confirm the Engine Code: This is the most important step. Get the part number from the seller or clear photos to match it to your engine (e.g., P13 for H22, P14 for H23). Ask the seller what engine the part was removed from.
- Inspect for Cracks: Carefully examine the entire cover, paying close attention to the mounting holes. Stress cracks often form here. A small crack can quickly worsen from engine vibration.
- Check for Warping: Lay the cover on a flat surface to ensure it is not warped. A warped cover will not seal properly against the engine block or other cover pieces.
- Look for Chemical Damage: Check for any soft or discolored spots, which could indicate prolonged exposure to harsh chemicals that have weakened the plastic.
- Ignore Oil Stains: Don't be concerned about oil residue on a used cover. This is normal, as they are in close proximity to engine seals. The stains can be easily cleaned off before installation.
Known Issues, TSBs, and Recalls
There are no official recalls or Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) from Honda or the NHTSA specifically related to the timing covers on 1992-2001 Honda Preludes. Recalls for this generation pertain to items like the ignition switch and front ball joints.
Pro Tip: The main 'issue' with these covers is that many of the components, particularly the rear/middle covers and the rubber seals for the H-series engines, have been discontinued by Honda. This makes finding a complete, crack-free set from a recycled vehicle highly valuable.
Replacement Difficulty and Cost
Replacing the timing cover is a labor-intensive job because it requires the same procedure as replacing the timing belt.
- Installation Difficulty: 4 out of 5.
- DIY Feasible: Yes, for experienced mechanics with the right tools.
- Procedure: The process involves removing the valve cover, accessory belts (power steering, alternator), the driver's side engine mount, and the harmonic balancer (crankshaft pulley). The crankshaft pulley bolt is notoriously tight and often requires a special tool and a powerful impact wrench or a very long breaker bar to remove.
- Recommendation: Because the labor is extensive, it is highly recommended to replace the timing belt, balancer belt, water pump, tensioners, and all front engine seals (camshafts, crankshaft, balance shafts) at the same time you replace the cover.
Cost Comparison
| Part/Service | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| New OEM Cover (Lower H22) | $100 - $160 |
| New Aftermarket Cover (Kit) | $100 - $130 |
| Used OEM Cover (Single Piece) | $40 - $80 |
| Shop Labor (Cover Replacement Only) | $450 - $700+ |
| Shop Labor (Full Timing Belt Job) | $700 - $1,300 |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Will a timing cover from a Honda Accord fit my Prelude?
It depends. The 4th generation Prelude S used the F22A1 SOHC engine, which is very similar to the engine in the 1990-1993 Honda Accord. Some timing cover parts may interchange, but you must verify part numbers. Covers for H-series (H22/H23) Prelude engines will NOT fit an Accord.
Do I need to replace gaskets when I replace the timing cover?
Yes. The timing cover itself seals against other pieces of the cover or the engine block. More importantly, this is the perfect time to replace the front main seals that are now accessible: the crankshaft seal, camshaft seals, and balance shaft seals. These seals are inexpensive and are a primary source of oil leaks in this area.
What is the 'middle' or 'rear' timing cover?
On DOHC engines like the H22 and H23, there is a third piece of the timing cover that bolts directly to the engine block, behind the timing belt and pulleys. The upper and lower front covers then bolt to this rear cover. This piece is often forgotten but is essential for a fully sealed system.
What happens if I drive with a cracked or missing timing cover?
Driving without a timing cover exposes the timing belt to rocks, road salt, water, and other debris. A small rock getting caught between the belt and a pulley can cause the belt to shred or jump time, which will cause the pistons to hit the valves, resulting in catastrophic and expensive engine failure. It is highly advised not to drive the vehicle if the timing belt is exposed.
Technical Specifications
OEM Part Numbers: 11810-P13-000 11810-P13-010 11810-P13-020 11810-P13-A00 11810-P13-A01 11810-P5M-A00 11810-PT0-000 11810-PT0-010 11820-P13-000 11820-P13-010 11820-P13-020 11820-P14-A00 11820-PT0-000 11830-P13-000 11830-P14-A00
Material: Molded Plastic
The information in this article is provided for general reference and educational purposes only. Vehicle specifications, procedures, and part compatibility can vary by production date, trim level, and region. Always consult your vehicle's factory service manual and verify part numbers before purchasing or performing repairs. Safety-critical components such as airbags, seat belts, and braking systems should be installed by a qualified professional.
- Honda Prelude: