2014-2020 BMW i8 Steering Column: Diagnosing Electronic Faults, Noises, and Replacement

Known Issues, TSBs, and Recalls for the 2014-2020 BMW i8 Steering Column

While there are no major recalls specifically for the steering column on the i8, BMW has issued several Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs), known as Service Information Bulletins (SIBs), that address common problems reported by owners. Electronic issues are far more common than mechanical wear.

• SIB B320215: Addresses owner complaints of crackling noises coming from the steering column area, especially when turning or maneuvering at low speeds.
• SIB B611915: Pertains to a grating or scraping noise that occurs when the steering wheel is turned.
• SIB B511916: Notes an issue where the turn signal stalk can stick when using the 'headlight flasher' function.
• SIB 32 02 23: Describes unusual humming or frictional noises when the electric steering column is adjusted axially (telescoping in and out). The cause is identified as uneven grease distribution on the internal splined shaft.
• SIB 61 29 22: Relates to a software error in the Body Domain Controller (BDC) that causes it to lose the saved memory position for the steering column.
• SIB 32 03 20: While not specific to the i8 in the document, this TSB for other models describes a relevant issue where the electric steering column adjustment fails in high cabin temperatures (above 122°F) due to a faulty control unit.

Symptoms of a Failing Steering Column

Failures can be grouped into two categories: electronic and physical.

Electronic Failures & Warning Lights

• Electric Adjustment Failure: The tilt or telescopic function stops working entirely. You may hear a click but no movement, or no sound at all. This can be caused by a bad adjustment motor, a faulty switch, or a wiring issue.
• Electronic Steering Lock (ELV/ESL) Malfunction: This is a critical failure. You will see a yellow or red steering wheel symbol on the dashboard. A yellow light is a warning, but a red light often means the car will not start, as the anti-theft system has immobilized the vehicle. This is a common issue on many BMWs from this era and often requires replacing the entire column at the dealership.
• Steering Angle Sensor (SAS) Faults: A bad SAS will trigger the DSC (Dynamic Stability Control) or traction control warning light. The car may drive normally, but safety systems are disabled.
• Loss of Steering Wheel Button Function: The buttons for audio, cruise control, or phone may stop working. This is often a failure of the clock spring (also called a switch unit) housed within the column.

Physical Symptoms

• Grinding, Scraping, or Crackling Noises: As noted in TSBs, various noises when turning the wheel can indicate issues with bearings, trim pieces, or the clock spring inside the column.
• Excessive Play or Looseness: A feeling of looseness in the steering wheel that is not related to the wheels or suspension can point to worn internal bearings or a problem with the universal joint at the base of the column.
• Vibrations: A shaking felt in the steering wheel can be caused by loose connections or binding joints within the column assembly.

Buying a Used 2014-2020 BMW i8 Steering Column

Given the high cost of a new OEM unit, a used steering column is a viable option. However, due to its complexity, careful inspection and verification are essential.

Step 1: Verify Compatibility by Part Number and Options

This is the most critical step. Do not buy a column based on vehicle year alone. You must match part numbers.

• Main Column Assembly: The primary part number for the column itself (e.g., 32306858709) must match your original part.
• Switch Cluster (Clock Spring): The electronic unit with the stalks for turn signals and wipers is often sold with the column. It is crucial to verify this part number as well. For example, part number 61319368590 fits the i8 but also fits some BMW X6 models. Using the wrong switch cluster can result in incompatible electronics.

Step 2: Physical Inspection Checklist

If buying in person or looking at detailed photos, check the following:

• No Crash Damage: Inspect the column for any signs of being bent, cracked, or compressed. A column from a vehicle in a major front-end collision should be avoided.
• Intact Connectors: Check all electrical connectors for cracks, bent pins, or cut wires. Damaged connectors are a major red flag.
• Smooth Rotation: The main shaft should rotate smoothly without grinding or binding.
• Lower Joint Condition: Inspect the universal joint at the base of the column. The boot should be intact and the joint should move freely without excessive play.
• Check for Water Damage: Look for any signs of corrosion on the metal components or water marks on the electronic modules, which could indicate flood damage.

Step 3: Inquire About the Electronic Steering Lock (ELV)

Ask the seller if the donor vehicle had any ELV-related starting issues or warning lights. Because this is a common and expensive failure point, it's best to get a column from a vehicle with no known electrical faults. If possible, choose a seller who offers a warranty that covers electronic functionality.

Replacement and Installation

The replacement process is complex and requires specialized tools and software.

1. The 12V battery must be disconnected and the system allowed to discharge to prevent accidental airbag deployment.
2. The driver's airbag, steering wheel, and clock spring/switch cluster assembly are removed.
3. Lower dash panels are removed to access the column mounting bolts.
4. The column is unbolted from the dash support and the lower universal joint is disconnected from the steering shaft.
5. Installation is the reverse of removal.

Required Programming and Calibration

After the new column is installed, it is mandatory to calibrate the Steering Angle Sensor (SAS) using BMW's ISTA diagnostic software or a high-level professional scan tool. This procedure teaches the car the new sensor's straight-ahead position. Skipping this step will result in DSC and ABS warning lights and will leave critical safety systems inoperative.

Cost Comparison

OEM Part Numbers

This list includes the main column and related switch components. Always verify the exact part number from your specific vehicle before ordering.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)