A Guide to the Windshield Washer Pump for the 1987-1991 Chevrolet Impala
Learn about the unique wiper-motor-mounted washer pump in your classic Impala and how to choose the right replacement.
- The washer pump on your Impala is attached to the wiper motor on the firewall, not in the fluid tank.
- Before replacing the pump, always check the fuse labeled for the washer system ('WSW').
- Reputable aftermarket brands like Trico, Anco, and ACI offer reliable and affordable replacements.
- No recalls have been issued for this specific part on your vehicle.
Is Your Windshield Washer Not Spraying?
A failed windshield washer pump is the most common reason for the system to stop working on a 1987-1991 Chevrolet Impala. Because of its age, the small electric motor inside the pump can simply wear out. Before assuming the pump is bad, it's a good idea to check the washer system fuse. A blown fuse can also prevent the pump from running. Another potential cause, especially on these older models, is a faulty multi-function switch on the steering column, which controls both the wipers and the washer.
Key Symptoms of a Failing Washer Pump:
- No Fluid Spray: When you activate the washer, nothing comes out of the nozzles, but you can confirm the reservoir is full.
- No Sound: You don't hear the distinct humming or whirring sound of the pump motor when you press the washer button. If you hear the motor but get no spray, the issue might be a clog in the lines or nozzles instead.
- Intermittent Operation: The pump works sometimes but not others, which could point to a failing motor or a loose electrical connection.
Important Note for 1987-1991 Impala Owners
The 1987-1991 Impala was mechanically identical to the Chevrolet Caprice of the same years. Information and parts are often listed for the Caprice. The washer pump for your Impala is mounted to the wiper motor on the firewall, not inside the washer fluid bottle. This is a key difference from many other vehicles.
Choosing the Right Aftermarket Washer Pump
Since Original Equipment (OE) parts for a vehicle of this age can be difficult to find and expensive, a new aftermarket pump is the most practical choice. Aftermarket parts from reputable brands are designed to meet or exceed original specifications and offer excellent value.
Aftermarket Brand Tiers
- Premium Aftermarket (ACDelco, Trico): ACDelco is GM's own parts brand and is considered an Original Equipment supplier, offering a direct fit and factory quality. Trico is a well-respected name in wiper and washer systems, known for quality and easy installation. These brands are excellent choices for reliability.
- Quality Aftermarket (Anco, ACI): Brands like Anco and ACI provide a great balance of quality and price. They are widely available and are a dependable option for most owners. Many repair shops use these brands for everyday repairs.
- Value-Oriented (TAAP, various online brands): These pumps are the most affordable and can be found on sites like AutoZone and Walmart. While they will get the job done, their long-term durability may not match that of more established brands.
Pro Tip: Some brands offer rebuild kits for these older pumps. However, given the low cost of a complete new aftermarket pump assembly, replacement is usually the faster and more reliable repair.
Washer Pump Replacement Cost for 1987-1991 Impala
Replacing the washer pump is an affordable repair. The part itself is inexpensive, and if you have it done at a shop, labor should be minimal.
| Part/Service | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| New Aftermarket Pump | $15 - $40 |
| New OEM Pump (ACDelco) | $30 - $60 |
| Shop Labor | $75 - $150 |
| Total Professional Replacement | $90 - $190 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Where is the washer pump located on my 1987-1991 Impala?
It is not in the washer fluid reservoir. It is a separate unit bolted directly to the windshield wiper motor, which is located on the engine bay firewall on the driver's side.
Are there any recalls for the windshield washer pump?
No, there are no recalls or common Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) from Chevrolet or the NHTSA specifically for the windshield washer pump on the 1987-1991 Impala or Caprice.
Is replacing the washer pump a DIY job?
Yes, for most people with basic tools. The job involves removing the electrical connector and hoses, unbolting the old pump from the wiper motor, and installing the new one. It does not require lifting the vehicle or removing wheels.
My wipers act strange when I try to use the washer. Is that related?
Yes, it can be. The washer pump and wiper motor are controlled by the same switch assembly in the steering column. A fault in the switch or its wiring can cause strange behavior in both systems.
Technical Specifications
OEM Part Numbers: 22048356 22039686
Wiper motor-mounted electric pump. Typically features a 3-nozzle design for hose connections and a specific electrical plug for the wiper motor harness.
The information in this article is provided for general reference and educational purposes only. Vehicle specifications, procedures, and part compatibility can vary by production date, trim level, and region. Always consult your vehicle's factory service manual and verify part numbers before purchasing or performing repairs. Safety-critical components such as airbags, seat belts, and braking systems should be installed by a qualified professional.
- Chevrolet Impala: