A/C Compressor Clutch Issues and Solutions for the 1987-1991 Chevrolet Impala
If your Impala's A/C clutch has failed, here's what you need to know about your actual replacement options.
- New aftermarket A/C compressor clutches are not sold individually for this vehicle; you must buy a complete compressor assembly.
- The 1987-1991 Impala is identical to the Chevrolet Caprice, and searching for Caprice parts will yield more results.
- If the old compressor failed internally, you must flush the A/C system and replace the accumulator and orifice tube to avoid damaging the new compressor.
- This repair requires professional equipment to evacuate and recharge the refrigerant, making it impractical for most DIYers.
Why You Can't Buy Just a New Aftermarket Clutch
If you're searching for a new aftermarket A/C compressor clutch for your 1987-1991 Chevrolet Impala, you'll find they are not available as a standalone part. For vehicles of this age, manufacturers and parts suppliers have found it is not practical to sell just the clutch. The A/C compressor and its clutch wear out together. Often, a failing compressor with bad seals or bearings is what causes the clutch to fail. Installing a new clutch on an old, failing compressor would lead to the new clutch failing quickly. Therefore, the standard and most reliable repair is to replace the entire A/C compressor, which comes with a new clutch already installed.
Pro Tip: Search for Chevrolet Caprice
The 1987-1991 Chevrolet Impala is mechanically identical to the Chevrolet Caprice of the same model years. You will find a much larger selection of parts, including A/C compressors, by searching for the equivalent Chevrolet Caprice.
Symptoms of a Failing A/C Clutch
A bad A/C clutch will give you clear signs of a problem. Here’s what to look and listen for:
- A/C Blows Warm Air: The most common symptom is that the air from your vents is not cold. This happens because the clutch is not engaging the compressor to pump refrigerant.
- Loud Noises: A worn-out or failing clutch bearing will often make a high-pitched squealing or grinding noise whenever the engine is running, even with the A/C off. If the noise changes or gets louder when you turn the A/C on, it points directly to the clutch or compressor.
- Clutch Doesn't Engage: With the engine running, have a helper turn the A/C on and off. You should be able to see the center plate of the clutch pull in and start spinning with the pulley. If it doesn't move, the clutch's electromagnetic coil may have failed or there could be an electrical issue.
- Visible Damage or Smoke: In cases of severe failure, you might see smoke from the clutch slipping or see that the clutch assembly looks burnt or damaged.
Choosing a Replacement A/C Compressor Assembly
Since you'll be replacing the entire compressor unit, you have a few choices. The most common options for the 1987-1991 Impala are new aftermarket or remanufactured compressors.
- New Aftermarket Compressors: These are brand-new units made by companies other than the original manufacturer. Brands like Four Seasons, UAC, and GPD offer new compressors that are a cost-effective and reliable choice. They meet or exceed original specifications and are validated for durability.
- Remanufactured Compressors: These are original units that have been rebuilt with new seals, bearings, and other wear items. They are a good budget-friendly option, but quality can vary. Choosing a reputable brand like ACDelco or Four Seasons is important.
Important: System Contamination
If your old compressor failed internally, it likely sent metal debris throughout the A/C system. If you don't clean this out, it will destroy your new compressor. A complete repair requires flushing the system and replacing the accumulator/receiver drier and orifice tube. Many replacement compressor warranties require this.
| Part Type | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| New Aftermarket Compressor Assembly | $150 - $275 |
| Remanufactured Compressor Assembly | $120 - $200 |
| Shop Labor (including system evacuation & recharge) | $250 - $450 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I just replace the clutch bearing?
While it is sometimes possible to replace only the bearing, it requires special tools like pullers and snap-ring pliers. Given the age of the vehicle, if the bearing has failed, the rest of the clutch and compressor are likely near the end of their service life as well. Replacing the entire compressor assembly is the more reliable long-term repair.
What's the difference between R12 and R134a refrigerant?
Your 1987-1991 Impala originally used R12 refrigerant, which is no longer available. Most cars of this era have been converted to use the modern R134a refrigerant. Replacement compressors are compatible with R134a. If your system has not been converted, you will need to have a professional do it, which includes changing the service ports and ensuring the correct type of oil is used.
Do I need to add oil to my new compressor?
Many new and remanufactured compressors come pre-charged with a small amount of oil for shipping. However, you must drain this shipping oil and add the correct amount and type of oil (usually PAG 150 for R134a systems) for your specific vehicle before installation. The vehicle's service manual or the compressor manufacturer will specify the total system oil capacity.
Are there any recalls for the A/C system?
No. A search of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) database shows no recalls or technical service bulletins (TSBs) related to the A/C compressor or clutch for the 1987-1991 Chevrolet Impala or Caprice.
Technical Specifications
OEM Part Numbers: 1134356 1520009 1520230
The compressor used on these vehicles is typically a GM R4 model. Replacement units are compatible with R134a refrigerant and require PAG 150 compressor oil. The clutch is an electromagnetic, belt-driven type that is integrated into the compressor assembly.
The information in this article is provided for general reference and educational purposes only. Vehicle specifications, procedures, and part compatibility can vary by production date, trim level, and region. Always consult your vehicle's factory service manual and verify part numbers before purchasing or performing repairs. Safety-critical components such as airbags, seat belts, and braking systems should be installed by a qualified professional.
- Chevrolet Impala: