2013-2019 Explorer, Flex, MKT & Police Interceptor ECM: Stalling, No-Start, and Programming Guide

Symptoms of a Failing ECM

A faulty ECM can cause a wide range of confusing and intermittent issues. Because it controls so many different systems, the symptoms can often be mistaken for other problems, like a bad sensor or faulty wiring. Here are the most common signs that the ECM in your Ford Explorer, Flex, Lincoln MKT, or Police Interceptor Utility may be failing:

• Check Engine Light: This is the most common symptom. The light may be on constantly or come and go. Specific trouble codes related to the ECM itself (like P0600-P060A) or communication errors (like U0100) are strong indicators.
• Engine Stalling or Misfiring: The engine may shut off for no reason, stutter, or misfire. This can happen because the ECM is failing to properly control the fuel mixture or ignition timing.
• No-Start Condition: One of the most serious symptoms is the vehicle refusing to start at all. The engine may crank but never turn over because the ECM isn't sending the right signals to the fuel pump or ignition system.
• Poor Performance and Fuel Economy: You might notice a sudden drop in gas mileage, sluggish acceleration, or a general loss of power.
• Erratic Transmission Shifting: Since the PCM also controls the automatic transmission, a faulty module can cause rough, delayed, or incorrect gear shifts.
• Ignition Coil Driver Failure: A very common failure on these specific vehicles is the internal ECM circuit that controls an ignition coil burning out. This will cause a persistent misfire on one cylinder and set codes like P0351, P0352, P0353, P0354, P0355, or P0356.

Known Issues, Recalls, and Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs)

While there are no widespread recalls specifically for ECM failure on these models, several TSBs have been issued that involve reprogramming the module to fix performance issues.

• TSB 15-0149: Some 2013-2015 Ford Explorers with the 3.5L non-turbo engine may experience a rolling, surging, or low idle when the air conditioning is on. The official fix is to reprogram the PCM with updated software.
• Ignition Coil Failure Damage: A common issue for the 3.5L engine is a failing ignition coil, which can short out and send a voltage spike back to the ECM, damaging the internal driver circuit for that coil. If you are replacing the ECM due to a persistent misfire code (P0351-P0356), it is critical to replace all six spark plugs and ignition coils at the same time to prevent the new ECM from being damaged.

The #1 Rule: Programming is NOT Optional

Replacing the ECM in your Ford or Lincoln is not a simple plug-and-play job. The module is a critical part of the vehicle's anti-theft system, known as the Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS). The ECM, ignition keys, and other modules are all linked together with your vehicle's unique Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).

If you install a used or new ECM, the vehicle will not start until it is properly programmed. This process involves several steps:

1. Module Installation: The new or used ECM is physically installed in the vehicle.
2. VIN Programming: A technician uses a special diagnostic tool, like Ford's Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS), to write your vehicle's VIN into the replacement ECM.
🎬 See a walkthrough of the Ford PCM reprogramming process.
3. PATS Key Relearn: The technician then performs a 'parameter reset' or 'key relearn' procedure. This syncs the replacement ECM with your existing programmed ignition keys. You will need all of your existing keys present for this procedure.

Who Can Program a Ford ECM?

• Ford/Lincoln Dealerships: They have the guaranteed correct tools and software.
• Qualified Independent Shops: Many independent auto repair shops invest in the same Ford diagnostic tools (or an approved J2534 pass-through device) and software subscriptions needed for programming.
• Automotive Locksmiths: Many professional automotive locksmiths also have the advanced tools required to program keys and perform PATS functions.

A basic OBD-II code reader that you might buy at an auto parts store cannot perform this programming.

Buying a Used Engine Control Module: What to Look For

A used OEM ECM is an excellent, cost-effective alternative to a brand-new unit. Since the part must be programmed anyway, there is little downside to a used module as long as you verify its condition and compatibility.

• Match the Part Number: The most critical step is to match the OEM part number exactly. Look for the number on the sticker of your original ECM. While several part numbers may be compatible, an exact match is the safest bet.
• Physical Inspection: Carefully inspect the used module before purchase. Look for any signs of corrosion on the case or, more importantly, on the connector pins. Avoid any units with bent pins or signs that the case has been pried open.
• Check the Donor Vehicle: Ensure the used ECM came from a vehicle with the same engine (3.5L or 3.7L non-turbo).
• Why Used OEM is a Good Choice: Used OEM modules are built to Ford's original specifications. They are often more reliable than cheap aftermarket alternatives, which can sometimes have software compatibility issues or fail prematurely.

Replacement Cost Comparison

The cost to replace the ECM can vary significantly based on the part source and labor rates. Remember to factor in the mandatory programming cost.

Vehicle-Specific Information

ECM Location

• 2013-2015 Ford Explorer / Police Interceptor Utility: The ECM (PCM) is located in the engine bay, against the firewall on the passenger side.
🎬 Watch this video to see the exact ECM location.
• 2013-2019 Lincoln MKT / 2013-2015 Ford Flex: The ECM is typically located in the engine bay, near the firewall, often close to the battery.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)